台灣戰爭史回顧 (443)
雙重標準
(翻譯：李忠晉 同心)
Friday, December 12, 2008
2008年12月12日，星期五，華盛頓郵報
I am surprised at Don Feder's lack of expertise in dealing with the "Taiwan question" in his article "Double standards on China," (Commentary, Wednesday).
唐‧費德在〈對中國的雙重標準〉（12月10日評論版）一文中對待「台灣問題」缺乏專業知識，我對此感到驚訝。
Mr. Feder assumes, without offering any relevant analysis, that Taiwan is already a country in the world today and is therefore entitled to membership in the United Nations.
費德先生認為，台灣在今日世界中已經是一個國家，因此有權參加聯合國。他並未提出任何相關分析。
However, a simple overview of the international law criteria regarding such determinations shows that "Taiwan" is only a geographic term and not the name of a country. Specifically, there are no persons in the world today who carry any sort of documentation attesting to their being citizens of the "Republic of Taiwan" (or any similar country name), nor are any diplomatic relations conducted under such a nomenclature.
然而，利用國際法標準加以檢視後顯示，「台灣」只是地理名詞，不是一個國家的名稱。今日世界上並無任何人擁有證件證明他是「台灣共和國」（或任何類似的國家名稱）公民，也沒有以如此名稱行使的任何國際關係
As for the Republic of China (ROC), that is a separate entity from Taiwan, as Mr. Feder might realize if he would care to examine the historical record.
至於中華民國，那是不同於台灣的一個實體，如果費德先生願意檢視歷史記錄，他就能夠明白。
In particular, a crucial factor in sorting out Taiwan's true legal position is to recognize that there was no transfer of sovereignty on Oct. 25, 1945.
尤其，想要了解台灣的真正法理地位必須承認在1945年10月25日並無台灣主權轉移。
The completion of the Japanese surrender ceremonies on that date only marked the beginning of the military occupation. Then, when the Republic of China moved its central government to occupied Taiwan in December 1949, it became a government in exile.
在那一天完成接受日軍投降只是軍事佔領的開始。然後，在1949年12月當中華民國將中央政府遷移至台灣佔領地時，它變成流亡政府。
In the Senate-ratified San Francisco Peace Treaty (SFPT) of 1952, the sovereignty of Taiwan was not awarded to China.
在美國參議院批准的1952年舊金山和約中台灣主權並未獎賞給中國。
The dual status of the ROC in Taiwan, as an occupying power (not "the occupying power") and a government in exile, have continued up to the present day. In the postwar treaty, the United States holds the role of principal occupying power, and the U.S. government still has residual administrative authority over Taiwan.
中華民國在台灣的雙重身份是作為一個佔領國（非唯一佔領國）與作為流亡政府。這樣的身份持續至今。在舊金山和約中美國的角色是主要佔領國，而美國政府對台灣仍有殘餘行政權力。
The recognition of this U.S. administrative authority, along with the U.S. constitutional rights associated with this status, provides the only way out of Taiwan's current dilemma.
承認該美國行政權力以及跟該身份有關的美國憲政權利，乃是走出台灣目前困境的唯一方法。
The history of international relations in the post-Napoleonic era contains exactly zero examples whereby an opposition party (such as the Democratic Progressive Party in Taiwan), has used the ballot box to obtain control of a government in exile and has then transformed itself into an independent nation, fully recognized by the world community. Hence, it can hardly be surprising that Taiwan's applications to join the United Nations have been rejected for over 16 years.
一個反對黨（諸如台灣的民進黨）以大選手段控制了一個流亡政府，然後轉變為被國際社會完全承認的一個獨立國家，在後拿破崙時代的國際關係史上並無任何如此例子。因此，台灣申請加入聯合國被拒絕十六次並不令人驚奇。
The Universal Declaration of Human Rights states that "the will of the people shall be the basis of the authority of government." Notably however, the native Taiwanese were not consulted when the ROC sent its military troops to Taiwan in the fall of 1945.
世界人權宣言指出「人民的意志將是政府權力的基礎」。然而，當1945年秋中華民國派兵來台灣時並未諮詢本土台灣人的意見。
After the treaty in San Francisco came into force, the Taiwanese were entitled to form their own civil government, and the ROC government officials should have departed Taiwan to take refuge in their last remaining sovereign territories of the Kinmen and Mazu island groups. Today, it is the ROC government in exile that is standing in the way of the Taiwanese people enjoying their full rights in the international community, not the People's Republic of China as Mr. Feder erroneously states.
在舊金山和約生效後，台灣人有權組織他們自己的民政府，中華民國政府官員應該離開台灣到他們僅剩的金門、馬祖避難。今天妨礙台灣人民享有他們在國際社會的完全權利的是中華民國流亡政府，並不是如費德先生所錯誤指出的中華人民共和國。
ROGER C.S. LIN
林志昇
